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San Diego

This article is about the city in California. For the county, see San Diego County, California. For other uses, see San Diego (disambiguation).

San Diego
City
Downtown San Diego skyline
Downtown San Diego skyline
La Jolla Shores
La Jolla
Mission San Diego de Alcalá
Mission San Diego de Alcalá
California Tower at Balboa Park
California Tower at Balboa Park
El Cortez
El Cortez
Balboa Theatre
Balboa Theatre
Flag of San Diego
Flag
Official seal of San Diego
Seal
Official logo of San Diego
Logo
Nicknames: 
"America's Finest City",[1] "Birthplace of California", "City in Motion"[2]
Motto: 
Semper Vigilans (Latin for 'Ever Vigilant')
Location of San Diego in San Diego County, California
Location of San Diego in San Diego County, California
San Diego is located in California
San Diego
San Diego
Location within California
San Diego is located in the United States
San Diego
San Diego
Location within the United States
San Diego is located in North America
San Diego
San Diego
San Diego (North America)
Coordinates: 32°42′54″N 117°09′45″W / 32.71500°N 117.16250°W / 32.71500; -117.16250
Country United States
State California
County San Diego
EstablishedJuly 16, 1769 (1769-07-16)
IncorporatedMarch 27, 1850[3]
Named forSaint Didacus of Alcalá
Government
 • TypeStrong Mayor[4]
 • BodySan Diego City Council
 • MayorTodd Gloria (D)
 • City AttorneyMara Elliott (D)[5]
 • City Council[6]
List
 • State Assembly Members
List
 • State Senators
List
Area
[7]
 • Total372.42 sq mi (964.56 km2)
 • Land325.88 sq mi (844.02 km2)
 • Water46.54 sq mi (120.54 km2)  12.68%
Highest elevation
[8] (Cowles Mountain)
1,591 ft (485 m)
Lowest elevation
(Pacific Ocean)
0 ft (0 m)
Population
 (2020)[9]
 • Total1,386,932
 • Estimate 
(2021)[9]
1,381,611
 • Rank15th in North America
8th in the United States
2nd in California
 • Density4,255.96/sq mi (1,643.25/km2)
 • Urban
[10]
3,070,300 (US: 15th)
 • Urban density4,550.5/sq mi (1,756.9/km2)
 • Metro
[11]
3,276,208 (US: 18th)
DemonymSan Diegan
GDP
[12]
 • San Diego (MSA)$295.6 billion (2022)
Time zoneUTC−08:00 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−07:00 (PDT)
ZIP Codes[13]
92101–92124, 92126–92132, 92134–92140, 92142-92143, 92145, 92147, 92149–92150, 92152-92155, 92158–92161, 92163, 92165–92179, 92182, 92186-92187, 92191–92193, 92195-92199
Area codes619/858
FIPS code06-66000
GNIS feature IDs1661377, 2411782
Websitewww.sandiego.gov

San Diego (/ˌsæn diˈeɪɡoʊ/ ⓘ SAN dee-AY-goh, Spanish: [san ˈdjeɣo]) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast in Southern California located immediately adjacent to the Mexico–United States border. With a population of over 1.3 million residents, the city is the eighth-most populous in the United States and the second-most populous in the state of California after Los Angeles. The city is the seat of San Diego County, which has a population of nearly 3.3 million people as of 2021.[15] San Diego is known for its mild year-round Mediterranean climate, extensive beaches and parks, its long association with the United States Navy, and its recent emergence as a healthcare and biotechnology development center.

Historically home to the Kumeyaay Native Americans, San Diego has been referred to as the Birthplace of California, since it was the first site visited and settled by Europeans on what is now the West Coast of the United States.[16] Upon landing in San Diego Bay in 1542, Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo claimed the area for Spain, forming the basis for the settlement of Alta California 200 years later. The Presidio and Mission San Diego de Alcalá, founded in 1769, formed the first European settlement in what is now California. In 1821, San Diego became part of the newly declared Mexican Empire, which reformed as the First Mexican Republic two years later. California was conquered by the U.S. in 1848 following the Mexican–American War and was admitted to the union as a state in 1850.

San Diego's main economic engines are military and defense-related activities, tourism, international trade, research, and manufacturing. The city is the economic center of the San Diego–Tijuana conurbation, the second-most populous transborder metropolitan area in the Western Hemisphere (after Detroit–Windsor), home to an estimated 4.9 million people as of 2012.[17] The primary border crossing between San Diego and Tijuana, the San Ysidro Port of Entry, is the busiest international land border crossing in the world outside of Asia (fourth-busiest overall). The city's airport, San Diego International Airport, is the busiest single-runway airport in the world.[18]

  1. ^ https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-12-25-vw-21243-story.html
  2. ^ "California City Nicknames List". www.seecalifornia.com. Retrieved December 29, 2020.
  3. ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  4. ^ "City of San Diego City Charter, Article XV" (PDF). City of San Diego. Retrieved November 5, 2014.
  5. ^ "Office of the City Attorney". The City of San Diego. November 6, 2015. Retrieved December 14, 2016.
  6. ^ "City Council Offices". City of San Diego. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
  7. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  8. ^ "San Diego: Geography and Climate". city-data.com. Retrieved October 16, 2014.
  9. ^ a b "QuickFacts: San Diego city, California". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 22, 2023.
  10. ^ "List of 2020 Census Urban Areas". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 8, 2023.
  11. ^ "2020 Population and Housing State Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
  12. ^ "Total Gross Domestic Product for San Diego-Carlsbad, CA (MSA)". U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.
  13. ^ "ZIP code(tm) Lookup". United States Postal Service. Retrieved November 19, 2014.
  14. ^ "City of San Diego". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved October 16, 2014.
  15. ^ "QuickFacts: San Diego County, California". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 22, 2023.
  16. ^ McGrew, Clarence Alan (1922). City of San Diego and San Diego County: the birthplace of California. American Historical Society. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
  17. ^ America: metropolitan areas. World Gazetteer. 2011. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved February 19, 2012.
  18. ^ "San Diego Int'l Airport will dig up the runway every night for a year". San Diego Union-Tribune. November 20, 2017. Retrieved January 26, 2021.

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